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In association football, the referee is the person responsible for enforcing the Laws of the Game during the course of a match. He or she is the final decision-making authority on all facts connected with play, and is the only official on the pitch with the authority to start and stop play and impose disciplinary action against players during a match. At most levels of play the referee is assisted by two assistant referees (formerly known as linesmen), who are empowered to advise the referee in certain situations such as the ball leaving play or infringements of the Laws of the Game occurring out of the view of the referee; however, the assistant referees' decisions are not binding and the referee has authority to overrule an assistant referee. At higher levels of play the referee may also be assisted by a fourth official who supervises the teams' technical areas and assists the referee with administrative tasks. Referees' remuneration for their services varies between leagues. Many are wholly amateur, some may be paid a small fee and/or expenses, and in some countries a limited number of referees – mainly those officiate in their country's top league – are employed full-time by their national associations and receive a retainer at the start of every season plus match fees. Referees are licensed and trained by the same national organisations that are members of FIFA. Each national organisation recommends its top officials to FIFA to have the additional honour of being included on the FIFA International Referees List. International games between national teams require FIFA officials. Otherwise, the local national organisation determines the manner of training, ranking and advancement of officials from the youngest youth games through professional matches. ==Powers and duties== The referee's powers and duties are described by Law 5 of the Laws of the Game. These include: Powers : *stopping, suspending or terminating the match at his discretion, for any infringements of the Laws; : *stopping, suspending or terminating the match because of outside interference of any kind; : *stopping the match if, in his opinion, a player is seriously injured and ensuring that he is removed from the field of play. An injured player may only return to the field of play after the match has restarted; : *allowing play to continue until the ball is out of play if a player is, in his opinion, only slightly injured; : *allowing play to continue when the team against which an offence has been committed will benefit from such an advantage and penalising the original offence if the anticipated advantage does not ensue; : *taking disciplinary action against players guilty of cautionable and sending-off offences. He is not obliged to take this action immediately but must do so when the ball next goes out of play; : *taking action against team officials who fail to conduct themselves in a responsible manner and may, at his discretion, expel them from the field of play and its immediate surrounds. Duties : *enforcing the Laws of the Game; : *controlling the match in co-operation with the assistant referees and, where applicable, with the fourth official; : *ensuring that any ball used meets the requirements of Law 2; : *ensuring that the players' equipment meets the requirements of Law 4; : *acting as timekeeper and keeping a record of the match; : *ensuring that any player bleeding from a wound leaves the field of play. The player may only return on receiving a signal from the referee, who must be satisfied that the bleeding has stopped; : *punishing the more serious offence when a player commits more than one offence at the same time; : *acting on the advice of the assistant referees regarding incidents that he has not seen; : *ensuring that no unauthorised persons enter the field of play; : *indicating the restart of the match after it has been stopped; : *providing the appropriate authorities with a match report, which includes information on any disciplinary action taken against players and/or team officials, substitutions and any other incidents that occurred before, during or after the match. As per Law 9 of the game (Ball in and out of play), if during the game the ball hits the referee (or an assistant) there is no stoppage in play.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/afdeveloping/refereeing/law_9_the_ball_in_and_out_play_en_47392.pdf )〕 However the officials would be expected to position themselves such that this would be unlikely to occur. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Referee (association football)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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